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Hi Cedric,
We are not the experts, but just wanted to share that we had similar concerns about our oak trees having leaf browning when they were about 4 years old. We had taken a pruning class through our local agricultural extension office and reached out to them. They put us in touch with the Plant Disease and Insect Clinic at North Carolina State University. We initially sent them photos, but they also requested a physical sample, which we sent in. For $20, we got a report back from them in about a month’s time (late August to early October) that helped us better understand the impact of disease and insects on our tree health and helped to ease our concerns, so we highly recommend engaging with your local extension agent.
Sample of the results we received:
Three diseases were found on the submitted branches/foliage, and were present on all three subsamples. The dark spots, often along veins, are Tubakia leaf spot. This is common on oak. The spots often enlarge late in the year as the leaves begin to senesce. The yellow blotches with white patches (esp. on the underside) are powdery mildew. Neither the powdery mildew nor the Tubakia leaf spot represent a significant threat to the health of the trees. The third disease is thread blight, caused by the fungus Ceratobasidium ochroleucum, formerly known as Corticium stevensii. This is causing death of groups of leaves, starting at the leaf bases. It is not killing the cambium, but could cause extensive leaf damage under wet conditions.
We do also experience yellowing leaves on our hazelnut trees (attaching a picture in case a comparison is helpful), but not quite to the degree that your picture shows.
We do spray our leaves with Sevin as needed for insects and our oak trees with milk for mildewing as needed but have not yet tried any anti-fungal products or nutritional additives other than planting clover for a few seasons to improve our soil’s nitrogen. We leave the heavy pruning for late fall/winter season, but we do spot prune unhealthy branches as we encounter them, and we have had to remove some unhealthy trees here and there. Our orchard is about 8 years old now and we did get our first small winter truffle harvest this past February! We wish you the best and hope that you find the solutions that you need.
Blessings,
Missy and Todd
Attachments:
You must be logged in to view attached files.::Thank you, Fabrice! That definitely helps us with planning for the testing portion.
Is there anyone out there already cleaning and shipping truffles that would be willing to share lessons learned or make recommendations or point to good resources for finding options?
We are looking for simple answers on things like:
- brushing or not brushing the skin
- cleaning solution vs. clear water
- including something in the packaging with the truffle to absorb moisture.
- where and in what to store the truffle until delivery (clean or dirty?)
- target time frame for delivery seems to be same or next day? How long can it keep and still be considered a fresh truffle? 7 days?
::@Simon-Cartwright, thank you for the detailed response and excellent information. It is will be most helpful for us. We aren’t sure yet if we can make this year’s Congress, but are very appreciative of the support!
::Thank you, Fabrice.We definitely saw the increase in acorns and decrease in Hazelnuts this year in our orchard. Last year was our first Perigord harvest and we trenched and reinnoculated in the spring. We were sure hoping for an increase in Truffle production this year. Looks like that may be an uphill battle.
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21 comments
Fran Angerer
What was the outcome of this grant?
Staci O'Toole
Hi Fran.
If you click on the title it will take you to the details regarding the grant and it’s outcome.
The Primaries were Jeannine Davis and Inga Meadows. Although the research task force was not established yet there is quite a bit of information and details. If I remember correctly it helped establish their lab at NC State
Paul Beckman
Extremely well done. One of the issues that is confusing is that when Mark and I took soil samples on my Bianchette orchard. Both years the soil probe went through mature truffles in November. 100 percent truffle present. My guess is that soil samples should only be done in June This was caused by funding limitations at the time that affected our schedule.. Another area that needs to be explored is the multiple tubers in one sample. We were trying to get Western Labs Parma Idaho to develop this but timing didn’t work out. They can test for 6 nematode types in each sample. Only needs a tablespoon of soil. Seemed like reasonable way to test a lot of orchards.
Fabrice Caporal
A nice problem to have, too many truffles!
Alex Poole
Great overview
Holly Martin
Would have been nice to have an end time on Sunday for booking travel
Jeffrey Coker
1. This proposal is almost verbatim the UNECE Standard FFV-53 with some added (somewhat complicating) language about the percentages of classes that can be exposed by trimming and a couple of other things. Why not just endorse the UNECE standards and prevent the confusion of having yet another set of standards? [In our case at Burwell Farms, we are also being inspected by the state of NC and following both state and USDA food safety and packaging rules.]
2. The stated purpose of the proposal is to “standardize the quality requirements for use of the NATGA logo”. Is logo use currently a problem? Are we talking about use of the NATGA logo only on food packaging, or also on grower websites? If a grower chooses not to use NATGA’s class system, then should they remove the NATGA logo from all their materials?
Holly Martin
Species: Since both T. Gibbosum and T. Oregonense are described as Oregon White Truffle, it might be useful to include seasonal designation, i.e. Oregon White Truffle (Spring) for T. Gibbosum and Oregon White Truffle (Winter) for T. Oregonense.
II.C (iv): This is just a drafting suggestion. I found the second sentence, as organized, a little hard to follow. My suggested text has all the same information, just reorganized: Provided the truffles retain their essential characteristics as regards the quality, the keep quality and presentation, the following defects may be allowed: defects in shape, defects in development, defects in coloring, superficial bruising, and slight superficial damages caused by pests.
Over all, nice job and thanks for all the good work!
Karen Passafaro
I would add a few pictures of what you are recommending with packaging and labels
Fabrice Caporal
I like the Identification requirement. Now do those classification apply to a member of NATGA importing and reselling truffles? What then should be done with identification?
Fabrice Caporal
I never heard of the Icon class, interesting
Fabrice Caporal
Weight and shape characterizations do not apply uniformly across species. It looks like the document is centered around T. melanosporum. It would be a great challenge to find a 300g oregon truffle… another example is that Tuber magnatum is rarely round.
Fabrice Caporal
In Definition of Produce we say “species of the the genus Tuber” yet in the list of truffles below we proceed to include Oregon truffles which are not of the Tuber genus. I would be in favor of changing the definition of truffle to say what is in Wikipedia:
Or if we want to be less scientific we could say:
Fabrice Caporal
Note: From time to time the sound of this video is distorted for a few seconds at a time. This is a problem with the original recording and is not a problem with your system. Thank you for your understanding.
Fabrice Caporal
Please use the dedicated forum to discuss and ask questions about this webinar.
Bryan Denig
Such a great webinar from Christine. I am very appreciative that the webinar recordings are being posted for those of us who are interested but unable to attend live. Looking forward to the others!
Raymond and Bernadine Prince
please put Raymond on your list of participants for the Webinar
Fabrice Caporal
Thank you for your comment. You now can now register to the webinar using this link: https://us02web.zoom.us/webinar/register/5815946801873/WN_AfzFkTZmRxioFHhLKDk9qQ
Fabrice Caporal
Feel Free to submit questions or comments about this webinar using the comment feature of this page.
Fabrice Caporal
Feel Free to submit questions or comments about this webinar using the comment feature of this page.